Introduction to India’s Rich History and Culture
India has a rich and fascinating history spanning over 5,000 years. ###
From the ancient Indus Valley civilization to the powerful Mauryan and Gupta empires, India was once home to some of the world’s first cities and saw advancements in science, the arts, and philosophy. Buddhism and Hinduism, two of the world’s major religions, originated here.
Today, India is the world’s largest democracy and one of the most diverse countries on the planet with over 100 languages spoken. A trip to India offers a glimpse into its colorful culture and soul-stirring spirituality.
You can explore grand Hindu temples, magnificent mosques, and serene Buddhist monasteries. Experience a vibrant array of festivals, sample delicious curries and masalas, and see majestic tigers in their natural habitat. Shop for silks, spices, handicrafts or get an Ayurvedic massage. There’s really something for everyone in this intoxicating land.
Delve into the bustling cities of New Delhi, the “Pink City” of Jaipur, seaside Mumbai, and tech hub Bangalore. Head south to the tropical Kerala backwaters or lose yourself in the ancient alleyways of Varanasi. Wherever you go, you’ll be met with a warm “namaste” and hospitality that will stay with you long after your trip.
A journey to India is a feast for the senses. The vibrant colors, exotic sounds, and aromatic scents of India will awaken your spirit. Magical, maddening, and mysterious – India casts an eternal spell on all who visit her shores. This is a place that will stir your soul and change your life forever.
The Best Time to Visit India for Great Weather and Festivals
India has some of the best weather for travel and an abundance of festivals to experience, but timing is everything. The best time to visit India depends on the regions and experiences on your itinerary.
Northern India (Delhi, Rajasthan, Agra)
October to March is ideal, with pleasant daytime temperatures, cooler evenings and little chance of rain. Late October and November also coincide with Diwali, the Festival of Lights. April and May get very hot, so avoid those summer months.
Southern India (Kerala, Goa, Karnataka)
The dry season from December to February is pleasant, with little rain and mild temperatures. It’s also when festivals like Onam and Pongal are celebrated. The monsoon rains start in June and last until September, bringing humidity and downpours, so keep that wet period in mind.
Himalayan North (Ladakh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
The summer months from June to early October are the only time roads are open in the mountains, with long sunny days and temperatures ideal for trekking at higher elevations. September and October are especially stunning, with fall foliage on display.
As you can see, India’s climate varies greatly by region. But no matter where you go, experiencing one of the many vibrant festivals will complement your visit. Do some research to determine the best places and times of year for your interests. Whenever you visit, you’re sure to find warm hospitality, delicious food, stunning scenery and memorable adventures in this diverse country.
India’s Amazing Food Delicacies
India is a food lover’s paradise, with a rich variety of regional cuisines and flavors. Some of the must-try delicacies on your visit to India include:
Dal Makhani
Dal makhani is a classic North Indian dish of slow-cooked black lentils and red kidney beans simmered in a creamy gravy. Flavored with spices like cumin, coriander and turmeric and enriched with butter and cream, this decadent dish is usually eaten with naan, roti or rice. Dal makhani is popular in Punjab and Delhi.
Masala Dosa
A popular South Indian delicasy, masala dosa is a round rice and lentil crepe which is stuffed with a spicy potato curry. Crispy on the outside and soft on the inside, masala dosas are usually eaten for breakfast or as a snack, accompanied by coconut chutney and sambar, a vegetable stew. You can find masala dosas in most regions of South India, especially Tamil Nadu.
Butter Chicken
Butter chicken is a classic North Indian curry of chicken marinated in yogurt and spices, and then simmered in a creamy tomato sauce enriched with butter. Mild yet flavourful, butter chicken is usually served with naan or rice to soak up the delicious sauce. This dish originated in Delhi but has become popular all over India and the world.
Hyderabadi Biryani
Biryani is a fragrant rice dish flavored with spices and mixed with meat, eggs or vegetables. Hyderabadi biryani is a famous variety from the South Indian city of Hyderabad, made with basmati rice, spices and marinated lamb or chicken. Cooked in a sealed pot called a degchi, Hyderabadi biryani has a distinctive aroma and flavor from the blend of spices. It is usually garnished with fried onions, cashews and raisins.
With many more regional specialities like idli, dosa, vada, upma, paneer tikka and gol gappas, you’ll never run out of amazing food to try on your trip to Incredible India! Bring an empty stomach and an adventurous palate.
People and Culture
India is a land of rich cultural diversity. With over 1 billion people speaking more than 22 officially recognized languages, India’s culture is a diverse mix of traditions, beliefs, and values.
Religions
India is the birthplace of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. About 80% of Indians practice Hinduism, an ancient religion that originated in India over 4,000 years ago. Hinduism encompasses a wide range of philosophies, from worshiping many deities to believing in a single all-powerful creator.
Buddhism and Jainism also began in India in the 6th century BCE. Sikhism was founded in Punjab in the 15th century by Guru Nanak. India is also home to one of the oldest Muslim communities outside of the Arab world, with about 14% of Indians practicing Islam. Christianity and other religions also have a long history in India.
Family and Social Values
Family and social obligations are an integral part of Indian culture. Elders and parents are respected, and multiple generations often live together in the same household. Marriages are often arranged by families, though love marriages have become more common in urban areas.
Indian culture emphasizes hospitality, humility, and hierarchy. Respect is shown to people based on age, socioeconomic status, education, and occupation. Hand gestures like namaste (a slight bow with palms pressed together) are commonly used as a respectful greeting.
Cuisine
Indian food is popular worldwide for its aromatic spices, flavorful sauces, and variety of dishes. Staples include rice, whole wheat rotis, and an assortment of curries, stews, and vegetable dishes. Northern Indian cuisine features breads like naan, meat dishes like butter chicken, and creamy curries. South Indian cuisine emphasizes rice, coconut milk, tamarind, and chili peppers. No matter the region, food plays an important role in festivals, weddings, and daily life.
India’s rich cultural heritage, diverse religious influences, and emphasis on family and hospitality shape the lives of over a billion people. Experiencing the sights, sounds, smells, and flavors of India offers a glimpse into a vibrant, colorful, and deeply spiritual society.
Currency and Languages Spoken
One of the most exciting parts of traveling to India is experiencing the vibrant culture. Two key aspects you’ll encounter are the currency used and languages spoken.
Currency
The official currency of India is the Indian Rupee (INR). It is abbreviated as ₹. The most common bills are ₹5, ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100, ₹500 and ₹2000. Coins come in denominations of ₹1, ₹2, ₹5 and ₹10. ATMs are widely available in cities and towns to withdraw cash. However, in some rural areas only certain ATM networks may be accessible, so exchange currency beforehand. Also note that ₹2000 bills can be difficult to break for small purchases.
US dollars and other foreign currencies can be exchanged for Rupees at money exchange offices, which you’ll find at airports, hotels, and in business districts of major cities. For the best exchange rates, exchange larger bills in good condition. Although some shops and hotels accept credit cards, cash is king in India, so exchange enough for your daily needs during your trip.
Languages
India does not have a nationally recognized official language. However, Hindi and English are the official languages of the government. There are 22 official languages in India, as well as hundreds of dialects and regional languages spoken across states. The most prominent languages are:
•Hindi – Widely spoken in north and central India. Useful for interacting with locals in many areas.
•English – Used in government and business and spoken as a second language by many Indians. Especially useful in cities and tourist destinations.
•Bengali – Prominent in West Bengal and Tripura.
•Telugu – Major language of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
•Marathi – Official language of Maharashtra state.
•Tamil – Spoken in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and parts of Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.
•Gujarati – Official language of Gujarat state.
•Kannada – Spoken in Karnataka state.
•Malayalam – Official language of Kerala state.
Learning a few basic greetings in Hindi or the local language of places you’ll visit is greatly appreciated by Indians. Carry a translation guide or dictionary, or you can even download translation apps to help you get around. With over 1600 languages and dialects, India’s linguistic diversity is truly amazing.
Cost of Living and Transportation Cost
India is an affordable destination, especially if you’re on a budget. The cost of living and transportation in India is generally lower compared to most other places.
Accommodation
You can find basic but clean guesthouses and budget hotels for around $10 to $30 a night. Mid-range hotels will cost $30 to $100. Luxury hotels in major cities and resorts start around $200 per night. During peak season from December to February, prices are usually 15-30% higher.
Food
You can get a meal at a local dhaba or street food stall for under $2. A meal at a casual restaurant will cost $3 to $8. Mid-range restaurants are $8 to $15 per person. If you want to splurge at an upscale restaurant, budget $20 to $30 per meal. Masala chai tea is around 30 cents. A pint of local Kingfisher beer is $2 to $3.
Transportation
India has an extensive rail network, with fares starting around $5 for an air-conditioned chair car seat on shorter routes. Sleeper berths on overnight trains begin around $10. Busses are even more budget-friendly, with fares from $3 to $10 depending on the distance.
Within cities, auto-rickshaws and taxis are affordable options. Fares start around $2 to $5 for a short ride. Uber and Ola also operate in many cities with fares comparable to taxis.
For longer trips, budget airlines offer fares beginning around $20 to $50 one-way. Full-service airlines charge $60 to $200 for a one-way ticket.
So you can easily experience the vibrant culture of India without breaking the bank. By choosing budget-friendly options for accommodation, dining and transportation, you can keep your total cost of living under $50 a day. The friendly locals, mouth-watering cuisine and awe-inspiring sights will make the value of your money go a long way. Your wallet will thank you for visiting incredible India!
Tourist Rules and Safety Tips
When visiting India, there are some important rules and safety tips to keep in mind. By following these guidelines, you’ll have a safe and memorable trip.
Do Your Research
Before your trip, do some research on local customs and etiquette in India. Dress conservatively, especially for women, covering knees and shoulders. Learn some basic greetings like “Namaste” and “Dhanyavad” (thank you) in Hindi to show respect. Be aware that the left hand is considered unclean, so only use your right hand when eating or handling food.
Be Vigilant
Like any travel destination, remain vigilant about your personal safety and belongings. Don’t display valuables or large amounts of cash. Be wary of unsolicited offers of help from strangers. Only take taxis, rickshaws, and tour services from authorized operators.
Health and Hygiene
Make sure your routine vaccinations like MMR and Hepatitis A are up to date before travel. While in India, only drink bottled water and hot beverages, and ensure any food has been thoroughly cooked and is still hot. Carry hand wipes, hand sanitizer and toilet paper with you.
Respect Local Laws
There are some laws in India that differ from other countries. Photography of some government buildings may be prohibited. Homosexuality and public displays of affection are illegal in India. Possession or consumption of drugs will result in legal prosecution. Always carry a copy of your passport for identification.
Be Prepared for Culture Shock
Don’t be surprised if India assaults your senses, especially at first! You may experience crowds, noise, vibrant colors and unfamiliar smells. Poverty and unsanitary conditions in some areas can be upsetting. Take time to acclimate to the culture and pace yourself. Be open-minded and patient. The rewarding experiences of India far outweigh any challenges.
By following these rules and tips, you’ll be well prepared to navigate India safely and thoughtfully. Relax, embrace the adventure and appreciate all the country has to offer! Have a wonderful trip!
Best Destinations to Visit
With its diversity of landscapes, India offers some of the best destinations to visit. Here are a few of the top places you must see:
Goa
Known for its palm-fringed beaches and nightlife, Goa is a popular beach destination on India’s west coast. You can relax on the sandy shores of Palolem or Baga beach, explore the winding lanes of beach shacks, or go on a scenic cruise along the Mandovi River. The Portuguese influence is also evident in Goa’s architecture, with beautiful churches and colonial buildings.
Kerala
Nicknamed “God’s Own Country,” Kerala is a tropical paradise in southern India. You can experience the scenic backwaters of Alleppey, go on a jungle safari at Periyar National Park, or relax on the pristine beaches of Varkala and Kovalam. The hill station of Munnar, with its sprawling tea plantations and misty hills, is also a highlight. Kerala’s natural beauty, spice plantations, and unique culture make it a fascinating place to visit.
Delhi
As India’s capital city, Delhi is a vibrant metropolis with a rich history. You can explore the magnificent Red Fort, India Gate and Lotus Temple, shop in the bazaars of Chandni Chowk, or stroll through the peaceful Lodhi Gardens. Delhi is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, with architectural wonders like the Qutub Minar, Humayun’s Tomb and Jama Masjid mosque.
Mumbai
Mumbai, India’s largest city, is a fast-paced metropolis on the coast of western India. It’s home to Bollywood, the Indian film industry, as well as cultural landmarks like the Gateway of India arch and Elephanta Caves. You can see rare artifacts at the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya museum, worship at the Siddhivinayak Hindu temple, or stroll along Marine Drive promenade.
Mumbai’s eclectic mix of colonial-era buildings, beaches, bazaars and nightlife make it an exciting city to explore. With its diversity of attractions across India, you’ll be spoiled for choice! Discover vibrant cities, relax on tropical beaches, explore cultural and natural wonders, go on jungle safaris and soak in the scenic beauty. India truly has something for everyone.
Rajasthan
The royal state of Rajasthan is a magical place filled with grand palaces, mighty forts and desert landscapes. Visit the Pink City of Jaipur with its Amber Fort, Palace of the Winds and bustling markets. Nearby Udaipur, the City of Lakes, is a romantic city set around Lake Pichola with lavish palaces, gardens and temples. Jodhpur is a blue city dominated by the imposing Mehrangarh Fort. Take a camel safari through the Thar Desert or stay in a heritage hotel for a taste of the royal life.
Mysore
Mysore, the City of Palaces, is a stunning city in southern Karnataka centered around the enormous Mysore Palace, former seat of the Wodeyar dynasty. Climb to the top of Chamundi Hill to see the towering Sri Chamundeshwari Temple and get panoramic views of the city. Stroll through the Devaraja Market and pick up some aromatic sandalwood products, silk saris or delicious Mysore Pak sweets. Just 15 kilometers away are the Biligiri Ranganathaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary and Bandipur National Park, home to elephants, tigers and over 200 bird species.
Bangalore
Bangalore, capital of Karnataka, is a cosmopolitan city known as the Silicon Valley of India. While it’s a hub for startups and tech companies, there’s also a vibrant food, arts and nightlife scene. Explore the sprawling Lalbagh Botanical Garden, catch a show at UB City or shop for books on Church Street. Take a day trip to the ancient ruins of Hampi, a UNESCO World Heritage Site housing remnants of the Vijayanagara Empire amid massive boulders and rice paddies.
Hyderabad
Hyderabad, capital of Telangana, is a historic city blending Islamic and Hindu influences. Walk through the iconic Charminar monument and bustling Laad Bazaar, shop for pearls and textiles, then sample Hyderabadi biryani, a fragrant rice dish with meat or vegetables. Nearby are the ancient rocks of Bhongir Fort, the Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple and several large lakes including Hussain Sagar, where you can see the towering Buddha Statue of Hyderabad.
Pondicherry
Nestled in southern India, Pondicherry is a quaint little town that was once ruled by the French. The French influence is still very much intact, evident in the architecture, food, and street names. Promenade Beach and Paradise Beach are popular spots to enjoy the sea breeze and go sunbathing. Auroville, an experimental township founded in 1968, is a great place to find inner peace.
Kashmir
Kashmir, located in the Himalayas, is truly a paradise with lush green valleys, snow-capped mountains, pristine lakes and rivers. In Srinagar, you can go boating on iconic Dal Lake, surrounded by Mughal gardens and houseboats. Gulmarg is a popular skiing and snowboarding destination. The Amarnath cave temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, attracts many Hindu devotees each year.
Kolkata
Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal, is a city steeped in history and culture. Victoria Memorial, a grand marble museum, offers a glimpse into the British Raj era. Writers’ Building was once the workplace of famous Bengali writers. Howrah Bridge, one of India’s busiest cantilever bridges, spans over the Hooghly River. Durga Puja, held in October, is an extravagant festival where beautifully decorated temples are built to honor the goddess Durga.
Kullu Manali
In the Kullu Valley, Manali is a popular tourist town in the Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh. Surrounded by snow-capped peaks and pine forests, it’s a hub for adventure sports like skiing, hiking, rafting and paragliding. Hadimba Temple, dedicated to goddess Hadimba, is built around a cave where she once lived. Solang Valley offers panoramic views of glaciers and snowy mountains. Old Manali has a hippie vibe with many cafes, bakeries and guesthouses.
Leh Ladakh
In the northernmost region of India, Ladakh is a high-altitude cold desert with stunning mountain scenery. Leh, the largest town, has many Buddhist monasteries like Thiksey Monastery, housing relics and artifacts dating back to the 16th century. Pangong Tso and Tso Moriri are picturesque lakes surrounded by mountains. Nubra Valley, with sand dunes and Bactrian camels, feels like a trip back in
Sikkim
Nestled in the Himalayas, Sikkim is one of India’s most beautiful states. Explore Buddhist monasteries, picturesque villages, and mountain vistas. Trek through rhododendron forests and spot red pandas in Kanchenjunga National Park. The capital Gangtok combines natural and cultural attractions.
Meghalaya
The “abode of clouds” lives up to its name, with some of the wettest places on Earth. Waterfalls, caves, forests and vibrant tribal cultures are highlights. Visit the living root bridges in Cherrapunji, canoe on the crystal clear Dawki river, and see the prehistoric Mawlynnong village.
Lakshadweep
This tropical archipelago in the Arabian Sea is home to pristine beaches and lagoons with excellent diving and snorkeling. Stay in eco-friendly beach huts, go boating between uninhabited islands, and spot dolphins while kayaking. A perfect off-the-grid getaway.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Palm-fringed beaches, mangroves, and tropical rainforests thrive on these islands between India and Southeast Asia. Havelock Island’s Radhanagar Beach is considered India’s best. Spot wildlife on Baratang Island, visit historic Cellular Jail, and go scuba diving on North Bay Island.
Ahmedabad
The largest city in Gujarat, Ahmedabad is a UNESCO World Heritage City, with a well-preserved old city, beautiful Hindu and Jain temples, and Gandhi Ashram. It’s also a paradise for vegetarians, with flavorful Gujarati thalis and snacks like dhokla and patra available everywhere. An exciting blend of history, culture, and culinary delights.
Conclusion
So there you have it, a whirlwind tour of the incredible tourism opportunities in India. From the Taj Mahal to the backwaters of Kerala, the options seem endless. Whether you’re looking for adventure, culture, food, nature or spirituality, you can find your perfect experience in India. The vibrant colors, intoxicating smells and infectious energy of the Indian people will stay with you long after you return home. While the massive size and diversity of India can feel daunting, take it slow and be open to the unexpected. Some of the best memories are unplanned. If you’ve never been, add India to your bucket list now. And if you have, you’re probably already planning your next trip back. India has a way of capturing your heart and never letting go.